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consists of records (typically one record per line),.

is plain text using a character encoding such as ASCII, various Unicode character encodings (e.g.

RFC 4180 proposes a specification for the CSV format however, actual practice often does not follow the RFC and the term "CSV" might refer to any file that: Most database programs can export data as CSV and the exported CSV file can then be imported by the spreadsheet program. This works despite lack of adherence to RFC 4180 (or any other standard), because so many programs support variations on the CSV format for data import.įor example, a user may need to transfer information from a database program that stores data in a proprietary format, to a spreadsheet that uses a completely different format. Among its most common uses is moving tabular data between programs that natively operate on incompatible (often proprietary or undocumented) formats.

5.2 OKF frictionless tabular data packageĬSV is a common data exchange format that is widely supported by consumer, business, and scientific applications.

Semicolons are often used instead of commas in many European locales in order to use the comma as the decimal separator and, possibly, the period as a decimal grouping character. Many applications that accept CSV files have options to select the delimiter character and the quotation character.

This loose terminology can cause problems in data exchange. A delimiter guaranteed not to be part of the data greatly simplifies parsing.Īlternative delimiter-separated files are often given a ".csv" extension despite the use of a non-comma field separator. These include tab-separated values and space-separated values. The term "CSV" also denotes several closely-related delimiter-separated formats that use other field delimiters such as semicolons. Some implementations disallow such content while others surround the field with quotation marks, which yet again creates the need for escaping if quotation marks are present in the data. Separating fields with commas is the foundation, but commas in the data or embedded line breaks have to be handled specially. The CSV file format is not fully standardized. A CSV file typically stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, in which case each line will have the same number of fields. The use of the comma as a field separator is the source of the name for this file format. Each record consists of one or more fields, separated by commas. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)ĭatabase information organized as field separated listsĪ comma-separated values ( CSV) file is a delimited text file that uses a comma to separate values.

JSTOR ( February 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).

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